Understanding Driver Regulations

Driver regulations play an important role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of the transportation industry. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Handbook outlines the regulations that drivers must adhere to.

Qualifications:

To operate a commercial motor vehicle (CMV), drivers must meet specific criteria outlined in section 391.11(B) of the federal regulations. These criteria include:

1. Age Requirement: Drivers must be at least 21 years old for interstate commerce, while some intrastate rules allow drivers to operate at 18 years old.

2. English Language Proficiency: Drivers must be able to read and speak English sufficiently to communicate with the general public and understand traffic safety.

3. Experience and Training: Drivers must have the necessary experience or training to safely operate the type of CMV they drive. Specialized equipment may require additional scrutiny and orientation.

4. Physical Qualifications: Drivers must pass physical qualification tests and possess a valid physical card issued by a doctor on the national registry.

5. Valid CDL: Drivers must hold a current Commercial Driver's License (CDL) issued by one state only.

6. Driver Qualification Events: Drivers must not be disqualified from operating a CMV based on specific events outlined in the regulations.

7. Road Test: Drivers must complete a road test or present a certificate of road test completion from a prior employer or a copy of their CDL.

Disqualifications:

Section 391.15 of the regulations covers disqualifications that prevent a driver from operating a CMV. Some disqualifications include:

1. Loss of Driving Privilege: If a driver's CDL is suspended, revoked, or disqualified by the state's Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV), they are disqualified from operating a CMV.

2. Criminal Offenses: Certain criminal offenses, such as hit and run or drug/alcohol-related violations, can disqualify a driver from holding a CDL.

3. Out-of-Service Violation Orders: Jumping or disregarding out-of-service orders issued to drivers or vehicles can lead to CDL disqualification.

4. Prohibition of Texting or Handheld Device Use: Multiple violations of texting or handheld device use while driving can result in CDL suspension.

Application of Employment and Road Tests:

Section 391.21 outlines the requirement for drivers to complete an application of employment with their first motor carrier. The application must meet specific criteria outlined in Section 391.21(B), ensuring all necessary information is included. A road test may be required for certain types of CMVs or specialized equipment, as specified in Section 391.31.

Tables Prescribing CDL Disqualification Periods:

Table 383.51 provides the disqualification periods for specific violations related to controlled substances, criminal offenses, and more. These disqualifications vary depending on the offense and the number of convictions within a specific time period. Table 392.5 discusses disqualifications for serious traffic violations, while Table 393.5 covers railroad crossing violations and Table 396.9 deals with out-of-service violation orders.

Relevant Prohibitions:

Apart from disqualifications, other prohibitions outlined in the regulations include:

1. Driver Illness or Fatigue: Drivers should not operate a CMV if they are too ill or fatigued to drive safely.

2. Drug and Alcohol Prohibitions: Drivers must not be under the influence of controlled substances or alcohol while on duty or in physical control of a CMV.

3. Hours of Service Regulations: Drivers must comply with the hours of service regulations, such as the 11-hour driving limit in a 14-hour period and required breaks.

Best Practices:

To ensure compliance with regulations, it is advisable to conduct written examinations during driver orientation, covering key regulations. This provides documentation of the driver's understanding and compliance. Additionally, having company policies that mirror the minimum requirements of the federal regulations helps maintain consistency and adherence to the rules.

Understanding driver regulations is important for maintaining safety and compliance in the transportation industry. By following the guidelines outlined in the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Handbook, motor carriers can help their drivers meet the necessary qualifications, avoid disqualifications, and adhere to relevant prohibitions. Compliance with these regulations contributes to a safer and more efficient transportation system.